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CHAPTER 3 · FORMULA BASICS

Formulas & Cell References

Excel ki real power formulas se aati hai. Formula usually = se start hota hai aur numbers ke bajay cell references use karne se spreadsheet dynamic banti hai.

English + HinglishBeginnerExcel Lab practice

Formula ka basic rule

Formula = sign se start karo. Example:

Excel formulaFormula
=A2+B2

A2 ya B2 ki value change hogi to result automatically recalculate ho sakta hai.

Arithmetic operators

  • + addition
  • - subtraction
  • * multiplication
  • / division
  • ^ power
Hinglish Tip

Calculator-style fixed answer type karne ke bajay source cells refer karo. 600 manually likhne se sheet dynamic nahi rahegi; =A2*B2 better hai.

Relative references

A2 ek relative reference hai. Formula ko copy karte waqt reference new position ke according adjust ho sakta hai. Example C2 me =A2+B2 ko C3 me copy karne par commonly =A3+B3 banega.

Order of operations

Excel arithmetic precedence follow karta hai. Ambiguity avoid karne ke liye parentheses use karo.

FormulaExample
=(A2+B2)*C2

Common mistakes

  • = lagana bhool jana
  • Cell address typo karna
  • Division by zero
  • Text ko numeric calculation me use karna
  • Copy ki hui formula ko verify na karna

Practice — Formula basics

  1. A2 me 40 aur B2 me 35 enter karo.
  2. C2 me =A2+B2 likho.
  3. A2 ko 50 karke result observe karo.
  4. Quantity × Price ke liye multiplication formula banao.
  5. Obtained/Total*100 se percentage calculate karo.

Practice formulas in Excel Lab →

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